What is plus/minus? It's a hockey statistic which "...measures the team goal differential when a specific player is on the ice." It's also being used more and more in other sports, such as basketball. In soccer, we haven't seen too much of it yet. I know Dave from Sounder at Heart loves to talk about it, and it was also used on the MLS Cup broadcast. They mentioned that David Beckham had a plus/minus of +10, which was a figure that included the playoffs (he's +7 for the regular season).
I'm sure people would discuss it more, except that no one is keeping track of it (at least publicly). Well, I've put an end to that problem. I have gone through every game of the 2009 regular season and figured out the +/- for each player. In doing this, I've decided to only include the minutes played where both teams were at full strength, and only goals scored and allowed during 11 on 11 play are included below. All minutes and goals in a game after a red card has occurred aren't included. Doesn't matter whether it was 11v10, 10v10, 10v9, or 11v9. If you're interested in seeing how many minutes each team played and goals they scored in each of those situations, click here.
Why do it that way? I don't think it's fair to include the minutes where one team has a clear advantage. It's also been suggested that maybe the player who gets a red card should be punished somehow, possibly by counting the goals scored later against him. I don't think that's fair either; to me that's the realm of a player rating system, not plus/minus. I've also decided to count own goals just like any other goals. Even if they're the result of a mistake by one player, you still have to take into account the way that the attacking team got into the position to score.
Let's break it down by team. When looking at these results, obviously playing time is a huge factor. That's especially true for those teams with a large positive or negative GD. I'm not sure how useful of a stat this is, but it certainly is interesting to look at. It's probably better to compare players who play the same position, or have a similar amount of playing time (since the more you get, the closer you are to the team average).
I've also figured out the league leaders in plus/minus per 90 minutes, both in unadjusted and adjusted forms. That's at the bottom of this post.
Asterisks indicate that a player played for more than one team in 2009. The team's 11v11 goal differential is in parenthesis. Only regular season games are included below.
CHICAGO (-1)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Daniel Woolard | 409 | 8 | 3 |
| 5 | 1.100 | Cuauhtemoc Blanco | 1308 | 21 | 17 |
| 4 | 0.275 | Mike Banner | 893 | 13 | 9 |
| 4 | 0.403 | Justin Mapp | 941 | 12 | 10 |
| 2 | 0.191 | Baggio Husidic | 420 | 3 | 1 |
| 2 | 0.429 | Tim Ward | 1469 | 19 | 18 |
| 1 | 0.061 | Bakary Soumare | 1198 | 17 | 16 |
| 1 | 0.075 | Dasan Robinson | 903 | 11 | 10 |
| 1 | 0.100 | Calen Carr | 84 | 1 |
|
| 1 | 1.071 | Wilman Conde | 1400 | 20 | 20 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Jon Busch | 2460 | 31 | 32 |
| -1 | -0.037 | Patrick Nyarko | 1777 | 20 | 21 |
| -1 | -0.051 | Chris Rolfe | 1711 | 22 | 23 |
| -1 | -0.053 | Gonzalo Segares | 768 | 11 | 12 |
| -1 | -0.117 | Marco Pappa | 2145 | 30 | 32 |
| -2 | -0.084 | Brian McBride | 1765 | 22 | 24 |
| -2 | -0.102 | John Thorrington | 1485 | 16 | 18 |
| -2 | -0.121 | Peter Lowry | 654 | 9 | 11 |
| -2 | -0.275 | Logan Pause | 2083 | 25 | 28 |
| -3 | -0.130 | Stefan Dimitrov | 119 |
| 3 |
| -3 | -2.269 | Brandon Prideaux | 1308 | 15 | 19 |
| -4 | -0.275 | C.J. Brown | 1412 | 14 | 19 |
| -5 | -0.319 | Austin Washington | 349 | 1 | 6 |
| -5 | -1.289 | To no one's surprise, Blanco comes off looking pretty good here. The Fire was +4 when he was on the field, and -5 when he wasn't.
CHIVAS USA (+3)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Mariano Trujillo | 1395 | 21 | 11 |
| 10 | 0.645 | Justin Braun | 1127 | 19 | 10 |
| 9 | 0.719 | Zach Thornton | 2124 | 29 | 21 |
| 8 | 0.339 | Carey Talley | 2179 | 31 | 24 |
| 7 | 0.289 | Eduardo Lillingston | 1191 | 17 | 11 |
| 6 | 0.453 | Jesse Marsch | 1613 | 23 | 18 |
| 5 | 0.279 | Atiba Harris*** | 880 | 12 | 7 |
| 5 | 0.511 | Michael Lahoud | 765 | 12 | 7 |
| 5 | 0.588 | Sacha Kljestan | 1829 | 24 | 21 |
| 3 | 0.148 | Shavar Thomas | 1270 | 17 | 14 |
| 3 | 0.213 | Jonathan Bornstein | 2028 | 27 | 25 |
| 2 | 0.089 | Yamith Cuesta | 733 | 10 | 8 |
| 2 | 0.246 | Jorge Flores | 302 | 3 | 2 |
| 1 | 0.298 | Paulo Nagamura | 2039 | 25 | 25 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Maykel Galindo | 1322 | 17 | 17 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Gerson Mayen | 361 | 6 | 6 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Jim Curtin | 127 | 2 | 2 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Claudio Suarez | 90 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Bobby Burling*** | 106 |
| 1 |
| -1 | -0.849 | Jesus Padilla | 686 | 6 | 8 |
| -2 | -0.262 | Maicon Santos | 634 | 8 | 10 |
| -2 | -0.284 | Bojan Stepanovic | 632 | 7 | 9 |
| -2 | -0.285 | Chukwudi Chijindu | 350 | 2 | 4 |
| -2 | -0.514 | Alecko Eskandarian*** | 177 | 1 | 3 |
| -2 | -1.017 | Ante Jazic | 1001 | 13 | 17 |
| -4 | -0.360 | Marcelo Saragosa*** | 603 | 6 | 10 |
| -4 | -0.597 | Lance Parker | 262 | 2 | 7 |
| -5 | -1.718 | Sasha Victorine | 420 | 1 | 10 |
| -9 | -1.929 | Now here's a team with some extreme swings in the numbers, thanks to the great start. I'm not sure any player in this entire post comes off looking worse than Victorine. A -9 in 420 minutes of action, for a team that was +3 overall. And maybe Preki should've played the Mexicans Lillingston and Trujillo when it counted most.
COLORADO (-3)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Jacob Peterson | 1030 | 15 | 10 |
| 5 | 0.437 | Jamie Smith | 165 | 5 | 1 |
| 4 | 2.182 | Facundo Diz | 77 | 4 |
|
| 4 | 4.675 | Matt Pickens | 1539 | 25 | 22 |
| 3 | 0.175 | Terry Cooke | 373 | 6 | 3 |
| 3 | 0.724 | Colin Clark | 1288 | 21 | 19 |
| 2 | 0.140 | Michael Holody | 66 | 3 | 1 |
| 2 | 2.727 | Ugo Ihemelu*** | 1586 | 24 | 23 |
| 1 | 0.057 | Gregory Richardson | 11 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Ross Schunk | 4 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Scott Palguta | 1602 | 22 | 23 |
| -1 | -0.056 | Cory Gibbs | 1454 | 23 | 25 |
| -2 | -0.124 | Ty Harden | 72 |
| 2 |
| -2 | -2.500 | Jordan Harvey | 2380 | 32 | 35 |
| -3 | -0.113 | Omar Cummings | 2258 | 33 | 36 |
| -3 | -0.120 | Nick LaBrocca | 2201 | 31 | 34 |
| -3 | -0.123 | Pablo Mastroeni | 2021 | 29 | 32 |
| -3 | -0.134 | Julien Baudet | 769 | 9 | 12 |
| -3 | -0.351 | Pat Noonan*** | 757 | 9 | 12 |
| -3 | -0.357 | Conor Casey | 1934 | 28 | 32 |
| -4 | -0.186 | Drew Moor*** | 675 | 7 | 11 |
| -4 | -0.533 | Kosuke Kimura | 1724 | 23 | 28 |
| -5 | -0.261 | Preston Burpo | 928 | 10 | 16 |
| -6 | -0.582 | Greg Dalby | 232 | 3 | 9 |
| -6 | -2.328 | Mehdi Ballouchy | 1991 | 23 | 32 |
| -9 | -0.407 | No Rapids fan will be shocked to see Ballouchy with the worst +/- on the team, -9. It's highly amusing to see Diz at +4 in only 77 minutes, through little or no contribution of his own. Too bad many of the top players here got injured (Peterson, Pickens, Clark) or they probably would've made the playoffs.
COLUMBUS (+11)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Eric Brunner | 1952 | 31 | 17 |
| 14 | 0.645 | Danny O'Rourke | 2209 | 36 | 25 |
| 11 | 0.448 | Steven Lenhart | 1020 | 17 | 7 |
| 10 | 0.882 | Gino Padula | 2213 | 33 | 24 |
| 9 | 0.366 | Emmanuel Ekpo | 1839 | 30 | 21 |
| 9 | 0.440 | Eddie Gaven | 2276 | 34 | 26 |
| 8 | 0.316 | Brian Carroll | 2184 | 34 | 26 |
| 8 | 0.330 | William Hesmer | 1628 | 25 | 18 |
| 7 | 0.387 | Chad Marshall | 1496 | 24 | 17 |
| 7 | 0.421 | Robbie Rogers | 1624 | 24 | 18 |
| 6 | 0.333 | Alejandro Moreno | 1520 | 24 | 18 |
| 6 | 0.355 | Jed Zayner | 1355 | 19 | 14 |
| 5 | 0.332 | Frankie Hejduk | 1242 | 18 | 13 |
| 5 | 0.362 | Andy Gruenebaum | 826 | 14 | 9 |
| 5 | 0.545 | Adam Moffat | 503 | 8 | 4 |
| 4 | 0.716 | Emilio Renteria | 167 | 3 |
|
| 3 | 1.617 | G. Barros Schelotto | 1706 | 23 | 21 |
| 2 | 0.106 | Kevin Burns | 340 | 3 | 2 |
| 1 | 0.265 | Duncan Oughton | 194 | 5 | 4 |
| 1 | 0.464 | Pat Noonan*** | 166 | 3 | 2 |
| 1 | 0.542 | Alex Grendi | 127 | 2 | 1 |
| 1 | 0.709 | Jason Garey | 691 | 10 | 10 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Andy Iro | 599 | 9 | 9 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Kenny Schoeni | 90 |
| 1 |
| -1 | -1.000 | Cory Elenio | 17 |
| 1 |
| -1 | -5.294 | Schelotto has the worst +/- of all the Crew starters. They did play pretty well without him, remember that stretch in the middle of the season? Also, compare Lenhart and Moreno. Did Warzycha make the right moves in game one against RSL?
DALLAS (+1)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | George John | 1142 | 26 | 15 |
| 11 | 0.867 | Ugo Ihemelu*** | 686 | 19 | 11 |
| 8 | 1.050 | Dario Sala | 1109 | 25 | 18 |
| 7 | 0.568 | Jair Benitez | 1079 | 26 | 19 |
| 7 | 0.584 | Daniel Hernandez | 525 | 13 | 6 |
| 7 | 1.200 | Jeff Cunningham | 1823 | 38 | 32 |
| 6 | 0.296 | Brek Shea | 656 | 16 | 10 |
| 6 | 0.823 | Atiba Harris*** | 977 | 23 | 18 |
| 5 | 0.461 | Dax McCarty | 2240 | 42 | 39 |
| 3 | 0.121 | Heath Pearce | 477 | 9 | 6 |
| 3 | 0.566 | Eric Avila | 265 | 7 | 5 |
| 2 | 0.679 | Marvin Chavez | 233 | 6 | 4 |
| 2 | 0.773 | Alvaro Sanchez | 141 | 3 | 1 |
| 2 | 1.277 | David Ferreira | 2472 | 44 | 43 |
| 1 | 0.036 | Pablo Ricchetti | 1738 | 34 | 33 |
| 1 | 0.052 | Kyle Davies | 762 | 12 | 12 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Anthony Wallace | 442 | 7 | 7 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Peri Marosevic | 47 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Michael Dello-Russo | 162 | 1 | 3 |
| -2 | -1.111 | Bruno Guarda | 139 | 1 | 3 |
| -2 | -1.295 | Aaron Pitchkolan*** | 45 |
| 2 |
| -2 | -4.000 | Dave van den Bergh | 2289 | 35 | 39 |
| -4 | -0.157 | Marcelo Saragosa*** | 551 | 6 | 10 |
| -4 | -0.653 | Kenny Cooper | 1190 | 16 | 21 |
| -5 | -0.378 | Blake Wagner | 699 | 8 | 13 |
| -5 | -0.644 | Steve Purdy | 338 | 2 | 7 |
| -5 | -1.331 | Ray Burse | 1363 | 19 | 25 |
| -6 | -0.396 | Daniel Torres | 722 | 9 | 16 |
| -7 | -0.873 | Andre Rocha | 1163 | 15 | 23 |
| -8 | -0.619 | Drew Moor*** | 1719 | 22 | 32 |
| -10 | -0.524 | You can easily tell from this list which players featured in the first and second halves of the season. When you combine his minutes with Chivas and Dallas, Harris is at +10 in 1,857 minutes.
DC UNITED (-1)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Fred | 1341 | 23 | 18 |
| 5 | 0.336 | Luciano Emilio | 2001 | 33 | 30 |
| 3 | 0.135 | Jaime Moreno | 1170 | 22 | 20 |
| 2 | 0.154 | Thabiso Khumalo | 357 | 7 | 5 |
| 2 | 0.504 | Steve Cronin | 172 | 3 | 1 |
| 2 | 1.047 | Christian Gomez | 1612 | 25 | 24 |
| 1 | 0.056 | Louis Crayton | 521 | 9 | 8 |
| 1 | 0.173 | Ange N'Silu | 452 | 8 | 7 |
| 1 | 0.199 | Devon McTavish | 427 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 0.211 | Clyde Simms | 2368 | 36 | 36 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Bryan Namoff | 2270 | 38 | 38 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Marc Burch | 2114 | 36 | 36 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Chris Pontius | 2035 | 37 | 37 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Greg Janicki | 411 | 7 | 7 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Brandon Barklage | 98 | 3 | 3 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Danny Szetela | 90 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Dejan Jakovic | 2018 | 33 | 34 |
| -1 | -0.045 | Josh Wicks | 1635 | 25 | 26 |
| -1 | -0.055 | Ben Olsen | 1339 | 19 | 20 |
| -1 | -0.067 | Julius James*** | 640 | 8 | 9 |
| -1 | -0.141 | John DiRaimondo | 45 |
| 1 |
| -1 | -2.000 | Francis Doe | 40 |
| 1 |
| -1 | -2.250 | Avery John | 344 | 5 | 7 |
| -2 | -0.523 | Rodney Wallace | 2201 | 33 | 36 |
| -3 | -0.123 | Milos Kocic | 283 | 5 | 8 |
| -3 | -0.954 | Lawson Vaughn | 193 | 1 | 4 |
| -3 | -1.399 | Santino Quaranta | 1711 | 26 | 32 |
| -6 | -0.316 | Andrew Jacobson | 834 | 13 | 19 |
| -6 | -0.647 | Fred and Emilio come out on top of the DC list. Many United fans seem ready to dump both of them and move on.
HOUSTON (+10)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Bobby Boswell | 2248 | 34 | 22 |
| 12 | 0.480 | Geoff Cameron | 2290 | 34 | 23 |
| 11 | 0.432 | Stuart Holden | 2020 | 32 | 21 |
| 11 | 0.490 | Andrew Hainault | 1425 | 25 | 14 |
| 11 | 0.695 | Pat Onstad | 2380 | 35 | 25 |
| 10 | 0.378 | Brad Davis | 1934 | 26 | 17 |
| 9 | 0.419 | Brian Ching | 1390 | 22 | 13 |
| 9 | 0.583 | Kei Kamara*** | 1605 | 20 | 12 |
| 8 | 0.449 | Ricardo Clark | 1804 | 25 | 19 |
| 6 | 0.299 | Brian Mullan | 1713 | 23 | 18 |
| 5 | 0.263 | Richard Mulrooney | 1197 | 14 | 10 |
| 4 | 0.301 | Craig Waibel | 669 | 10 | 6 |
| 4 | 0.538 | Dominic Oduro*** | 667 | 13 | 9 |
| 4 | 0.540 | Luis Angel Landin | 278 | 4 | 2 |
| 2 | 0.647 | Cam Weaver*** | 263 | 5 | 3 |
| 2 | 0.684 | Ryan Cochrane*** | 245 | 6 | 4 |
| 2 | 0.735 | Corey Ashe | 1124 | 16 | 15 |
| 1 | 0.080 | Wade Barrett | 880 | 12 | 11 |
| 1 | 0.102 | Mike Chabala | 843 | 13 | 12 |
| 1 | 0.107 | Julius James*** | 490 | 9 | 9 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Ade Akinbiyi | 229 | 2 | 2 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Danny Cruz | 107 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Erik Ustruck | 40 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Chris Wondolowski*** | 264 | 3 | 4 |
| -1 | -0.341 | Abe Thompson*** | 46 | 1 | 2 |
| -1 | -1.957 | Eddie Robinson | 30 |
| 1 |
| -1 | -3.000 | Hard to look bad playing for Houston, though some are barely in the positive like Ashe/Barrett/Chabala.
KANSAS CITY (-10)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Michael Kraus | 98 | 3 | 1 |
| 2 | 1.837 | Zoltan Hercegfalvi | 220 | 5 | 4 |
| 1 | 0.409 | Chance Myers | 98 | 2 | 2 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Kevin Souter | 59 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Kurt Morsink | 141 | 2 | 3 |
| -1 | -0.638 | Abe Thompson*** | 107 |
| 1 |
| -1 | -0.841 | Matt Marquess | 85 | 1 | 2 |
| -1 | -1.059 | Roger Espinoza | 566 | 6 | 8 |
| -2 | -0.318 | Jimmy Conrad | 1663 | 21 | 24 |
| -3 | -0.162 | Kei Kamara*** | 351 | 3 | 6 |
| -3 | -0.769 | Jonathan Leathers | 778 | 8 | 12 |
| -4 | -0.463 | Graham Zusi | 445 | 6 | 10 |
| -4 | -0.809 | Rauwshan McKenzie | 406 | 1 | 5 |
| -4 | -0.887 | Josh Wolff | 1926 | 22 | 28 |
| -6 | -0.280 | Santiago Hirsig | 1655 | 17 | 23 |
| -6 | -0.326 | Michael Harrington | 1365 | 15 | 21 |
| -6 | -0.396 | Adam Cristman | 201 |
| 6 |
| -6 | -2.687 | Claudio Lopez | 2021 | 23 | 30 |
| -7 | -0.312 | Herculez Gomez | 1274 | 14 | 21 |
| -7 | -0.495 | Lance Watson | 1244 | 10 | 17 |
| -7 | -0.506 | Matt Besler | 1771 | 19 | 27 |
| -8 | -0.407 | Aaron Hohlbein | 1540 | 13 | 21 |
| -8 | -0.468 | Davy Arnaud | 1705 | 19 | 28 |
| -9 | -0.475 | Kevin Hartman | 2171 | 23 | 33 |
| -10 | -0.415 | Jack Jewsbury | 1991 | 20 | 30 |
| -10 | -0.452 | Conrad (-3) stands out as the best of the Wizards' regulars. Meanwhile, ouch: Cristman is at -6 in only 201 minutes.
LOS ANGELES (+8)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Omar Gonzalez | 2354 | 34 | 26 |
| 8 | 0.306 | Todd Dunivant | 1901 | 28 | 20 |
| 8 | 0.379 | Landon Donovan | 1887 | 29 | 21 |
| 8 | 0.382 | Eddie Lewis | 1690 | 21 | 13 |
| 8 | 0.426 | Gregg Berhalter | 2053 | 27 | 20 |
| 7 | 0.307 | A.J. DeLaGarza | 1523 | 21 | 14 |
| 7 | 0.414 | David Beckham | 875 | 15 | 8 |
| 7 | 0.720 | Donovan Ricketts | 1987 | 27 | 22 |
| 5 | 0.226 | Stefani Miglioranzi | 1609 | 22 | 17 |
| 5 | 0.280 | Edson Buddle | 1177 | 18 | 13 |
| 5 | 0.382 | Alecko Eskandarian*** | 213 | 5 |
|
| 5 | 2.113 | Sean Franklin | 1043 | 14 | 10 |
| 4 | 0.345 | Alan Gordon | 975 | 16 | 12 |
| 4 | 0.369 | Jovan Kirovski | 1060 | 13 | 10 |
| 3 | 0.255 | Chris Birchall | 521 | 6 | 3 |
| 3 | 0.518 | Josh Saunders | 395 | 7 | 4 |
| 3 | 0.684 | Josh Tudela | 481 | 8 | 6 |
| 2 | 0.374 | Leonard Griffin | 16 | 1 |
|
| 1 | 5.625 | Dema Kovalenko | 1082 | 13 | 13 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Chris Klein | 961 | 15 | 15 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Bryan Jordan | 377 | 5 | 5 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Kyle Patterson | 124 | 4 | 4 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Tristan Bowen | 1 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Mike Magee | 1373 | 17 | 18 |
| -1 | -0.066 | Tony Sanneh | 524 | 8 | 12 |
| -4 | -0.687 | Looking at this makes me wonder how a healthy Eskandarian would've changed the Galaxy's season. Magee, Klein, and Kovalenko don't come off looking good, while Sanneh was a liability on the field.
NEW ENGLAND (-1)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Kevin Alston | 2087 | 27 | 21 |
| 6 | 0.259 | Matt Reis | 1975 | 25 | 20 |
| 5 | 0.228 | Emmanuel Osei | 1750 | 23 | 19 |
| 4 | 0.206 | Steve Ralston | 1348 | 20 | 16 |
| 4 | 0.267 | Taylor Twellman | 109 | 5 | 1 |
| 4 | 3.303 | Shalrie Joseph | 2072 | 30 | 28 |
| 2 | 0.087 | Kenny Mansally | 1562 | 20 | 18 |
| 2 | 0.115 | Mauricio Castro | 203 | 3 | 1 |
| 2 | 0.887 | Jeff Larentowicz | 2242 | 27 | 26 |
| 1 | 0.040 | Chris Albright | 90 | 2 | 1 |
| 1 | 1.000 | Nico Colaluca | 105 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Stephane Assengue | 37 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Darrius Barnes | 2448 | 30 | 31 |
| -1 | -0.037 | Kheli Dube | 1608 | 16 | 17 |
| -1 | -0.056 | Pat Phelan | 973 | 13 | 14 |
| -1 | -0.092 | Jay Heaps | 1959 | 26 | 28 |
| -2 | -0.092 | Edgaras Jankauskas | 567 | 3 | 5 |
| -2 | -0.317 | Sainey Nyassi | 1740 | 19 | 23 |
| -4 | -0.207 | Wells Thompson | 1523 | 19 | 24 |
| -5 | -0.295 | Chris Tierney | 1044 | 10 | 16 |
| -6 | -0.517 | Brad Knighton | 473 | 5 | 11 |
| -6 | -1.142 | Michael Videira | 418 | 2 | 8 |
| -6 | -1.292 | Amaechi Igwe | 596 | 4 | 12 |
| -8 | -1.208 | Playing in that 0-6 demolition at RSL certainly affected some of the bottom players here. But it didn't stop Joseph from finishing in the positive.
NEW YORK (-15)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Walter Garcia | 81 | 4 |
|
| 4 | 4.444 | Carlos Johnson | 871 | 11 | 8 |
| 3 | 0.310 | Bouna Coundoul | 675 | 8 | 7 |
| 1 | 0.133 | Khano Smith | 449 | 5 | 4 |
| 1 | 0.200 | Alec Dufty | 70 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Matthew Mbuta | 192 | 2 | 4 |
| -2 | -0.938 | Leo Krupnik | 135 |
| 2 |
| -2 | -1.333 | Dominic Oduro*** | 58 |
| 2 |
| -2 | -3.103 | Danleigh Borman | 1221 | 12 | 15 |
| -3 | -0.221 | Macoumba Kandji | 1577 | 21 | 25 |
| -4 | -0.228 | Andrew Boyens | 1072 | 11 | 15 |
| -4 | -0.336 | Ernst Oebster | 157 |
| 4 |
| -4 | -2.293 | John Wolyniec | 710 | 5 | 10 |
| -5 | -0.634 | Juan Pietravallo | 174 |
| 5 |
| -5 | -2.586 | Albert Celades | 1146 | 16 | 22 |
| -6 | -0.471 | Sinisa Ubiparipovic | 1103 | 14 | 20 |
| -6 | -0.490 | Alfredo Pacheco | 976 | 12 | 18 |
| -6 | -0.553 | Carlos Mendes | 693 | 5 | 11 |
| -6 | -0.779 | Danny Cepero | 982 | 11 | 19 |
| -8 | -0.733 | Jon Conway | 643 | 6 | 14 |
| -8 | -1.120 | Juan Pablo Angel | 1858 | 23 | 32 |
| -9 | -0.436 | Kevin Goldthwaite | 1206 | 14 | 23 |
| -9 | -0.672 | Seth Stammler | 2023 | 22 | 32 |
| -10 | -0.445 | Dane Richards | 1758 | 18 | 28 |
| -10 | -0.512 | Jorge Rojas | 1321 | 12 | 23 |
| -11 | -0.749 | Jeremy Hall | 1823 | 20 | 32 |
| -12 | -0.592 | Mike Petke | 1381 | 13 | 27 |
| -14 | -0.912 | Luke Sassano | 989 | 7 | 21 |
| -14 | -1.274 | Nick Zimmerman | 726 | 3 | 17 |
| -14 | -1.736 | Yes, Khano Smith was in the positive. That's not a mistake. There's still "hard man" Pietravallo to laugh at, though. Zimmerman, just like his fellow Philadelphia Union expansion draft pick Jacobson for DC, finished last on his team.
REAL SALT LAKE (+10)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Jamison Olave | 1890 | 35 | 20 |
| 15 | 0.714 | Nick Rimando | 2070 | 38 | 26 |
| 12 | 0.522 | Nat Borchers | 2367 | 40 | 29 |
| 11 | 0.418 | Andy Williams | 736 | 19 | 8 |
| 11 | 1.345 | Will Johnson | 2054 | 36 | 26 |
| 10 | 0.438 | Tony Beltran | 1728 | 30 | 20 |
| 10 | 0.521 | Chris Wingert | 2169 | 40 | 31 |
| 9 | 0.373 | Fabian Espindola | 1377 | 24 | 15 |
| 9 | 0.588 | Kyle Beckerman | 1928 | 31 | 24 |
| 7 | 0.327 | Clint Mathis | 1767 | 28 | 21 |
| 7 | 0.357 | Yura Movsisyan | 1548 | 25 | 18 |
| 7 | 0.407 | Ned Grabavoy | 701 | 16 | 10 |
| 6 | 0.770 | Robbie Findley | 1559 | 29 | 25 |
| 4 | 0.231 | Javier Morales | 1833 | 25 | 22 |
| 3 | 0.147 | Luis Miguel Escalada | 94 | 4 | 1 |
| 3 | 2.872 | Raphael Cox | 177 | 3 | 1 |
| 2 | 1.017 | Ian Joy | 7 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Kyle Reynish | 6 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Tino Nunez | 1 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Jean Alexandre | 54 |
| 1 |
| -1 | -1.667 | Chris Seitz | 312 | 3 | 5 |
| -2 | -0.577 | Rachid El Khalifi | 165 | 2 | 4 |
| -2 | -1.091 | Pablo Campos*** | 353 | 5 | 8 |
| -3 | -0.765 | David Horst | 86 | 1 | 4 |
| -3 | -3.140 | Robbie Russell | 1286 | 17 | 22 |
| -5 | -0.350 | Russell looks awful compared to the rest of the regulars. Nobody will remember that now, though. But how do you play that much time on a +10 team and up -5? On the other hand, Williams really came on at the end of the season, didn't he? That's an amazing number for that amount of playing time.
SAN JOSE (-15)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Andrew Weber | 180 | 4 | 3 |
| 1 | 0.500 | Ryan Cochrane*** | 171 | 4 | 3 |
| 1 | 0.526 | Davide Somma | 4 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Antonio Ribeiro | 496 | 5 | 6 |
| -1 | -0.181 | Ramon Sanchez | 838 | 11 | 13 |
| -2 | -0.215 | Chris Wondolowski*** | 823 | 10 | 12 |
| -2 | -0.219 | Quincy Amarikwa | 587 | 9 | 11 |
| -2 | -0.307 | Cornell Glen | 436 | 6 | 8 |
| -2 | -0.413 | Andre Luiz | 431 | 4 | 6 |
| -2 | -0.418 | Bobby Burling*** | 562 | 6 | 9 |
| -3 | -0.480 | Michael Zaher | 744 | 12 | 16 |
| -4 | -0.484 | Pablo Campos*** | 601 | 7 | 11 |
| -4 | -0.599 | Brandon McDonald | 1509 | 20 | 25 |
| -5 | -0.298 | Aaron Pitchkolan*** | 573 | 8 | 13 |
| -5 | -0.785 | Jason Hernandez | 1333 | 17 | 24 |
| -7 | -0.473 | Simon Elliott | 1225 | 15 | 22 |
| -7 | -0.514 | Darren Huckerby | 1001 | 12 | 19 |
| -7 | -0.629 | Cam Weaver*** | 471 | 5 | 12 |
| -7 | -1.338 | Ramiro Corrales | 2057 | 26 | 34 |
| -8 | -0.350 | Shea Salinas | 1236 | 13 | 21 |
| -8 | -0.583 | Ryan Johnson | 2197 | 32 | 41 |
| -9 | -0.369 | Nick Garcia*** | 1071 | 14 | 23 |
| -9 | -0.756 | Kelly Gray | 632 | 5 | 14 |
| -9 | -1.282 | Eric Denton | 794 | 8 | 18 |
| -10 | -1.134 | Bobby Convey | 2134 | 27 | 38 |
| -11 | -0.464 | Chris Leitch | 2458 | 31 | 44 |
| -13 | -0.476 | Arturo Alvarez | 1826 | 23 | 37 |
| -14 | -0.690 | Joe Cannon | 2441 | 29 | 45 |
| -16 | -0.590 | Nobody ended up looking good here, it seems. McDonald leads the starters. Not beginning the season with Denton and Gray in the back line would've helped.
SEATTLE (11)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Kasey Keller | 2286 | 35 | 22 |
| 13 | 0.512 | James Riley | 2100 | 31 | 19 |
| 12 | 0.514 | Jhon Kennedy Hurtado | 2137 | 32 | 21 |
| 11 | 0.463 | Tyrone Marshall | 1898 | 31 | 20 |
| 11 | 0.522 | Brad Evans | 2006 | 30 | 20 |
| 10 | 0.449 | Freddie Ljungberg | 1691 | 27 | 17 |
| 10 | 0.532 | Fredy Montero | 2013 | 29 | 21 |
| 8 | 0.358 | Nate Jaqua | 1998 | 30 | 22 |
| 8 | 0.360 | Osvaldo Alonso | 1886 | 26 | 18 |
| 8 | 0.382 | Sebastien Le Toux | 1300 | 21 | 13 |
| 8 | 0.554 | Zach Scott | 408 | 8 | 2 |
| 6 | 1.324 | Steve Zakuani | 1805 | 23 | 18 |
| 5 | 0.249 | Nathan Sturgis | 368 | 6 | 3 |
| 3 | 0.734 | Roger Levesque | 259 | 5 | 2 |
| 3 | 1.042 | Sanna Nyassi | 247 | 4 | 1 |
| 3 | 1.093 | Patrick Ianni | 933 | 11 | 9 |
| 2 | 0.193 | Tyson Wahl | 797 | 12 | 10 |
| 2 | 0.226 | Leo Gonzalez | 887 | 10 | 9 |
| 1 | 0.101 | Stephen King | 386 | 6 | 6 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Ben Dragavon | 2 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Peter Vagenas | 640 | 8 | 9 |
| -1 | -0.141 | Chris Eylander | 90 |
| 2 |
| -2 | -2.000 | Just imagine what Zakuani's number would be if he finished all the good chances he had.
TORONTO (-8)
| 11v11 Min | GF | GA |
| Plus/Minus | Per 90 | Nick Garcia*** | 1085 | 17 | 16 |
| 1 | 0.083 | Johann Smith | 47 | 1 |
|
| 1 | 1.915 | Danny Dichio | 746 | 11 | 11 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Amadou Sanyang | 297 | 2 | 2 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Fuad Ibrahim | 204 | 3 | 3 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Lesly Fellinga | 137 | 3 | 3 |
| 0 | 0.000 | Gabe Gala | 3 |
|
|
| 0 | 0.000 | Greg Sutton | 135 | 1 | 2 |
| -1 | -0.667 | Stefan Frei | 2241 | 34 | 37 |
| -3 | -0.120 | Chad Barrett | 2055 | 29 | 32 |
| -3 | -0.131 | Marvell Wynne | 1836 | 28 | 31 |
| -3 | -0.147 | Ali Gerba | 494 | 6 | 9 |
| -3 | -0.547 | O'Brian White | 440 | 6 | 9 |
| -3 | -0.614 | Carl Robinson | 1717 | 25 | 29 |
| -4 | -0.210 | Nana Attakora | 1638 | 22 | 26 |
| -4 | -0.220 | Kevin Harmse | 805 | 13 | 17 |
| -4 | -0.447 | Emmanuel Gomez | 487 | 3 | 7 |
| -4 | -0.739 | Rohan Ricketts | 316 | 4 | 8 |
| -4 | -1.139 | Brian Edwards | 270 | 2 | 6 |
| -4 | -1.333 | Amado Guevara | 1999 | 30 | 35 |
| -5 | -0.225 | Pablo Vitti | 1610 | 22 | 27 |
| -5 | -0.280 | Marco Velez | 780 | 10 | 15 |
| -5 | -0.577 | Sam Cronin | 2309 | 31 | 37 |
| -6 | -0.234 | Julian de Guzman | 450 | 4 | 10 |
| -6 | -1.200 | Jim Brennan | 2428 | 34 | 41 |
| -7 | -0.259 | Adrian Serioux | 2187 | 31 | 38 |
| -7 | -0.288 | Dwayne De Rosario | 2390 | 35 | 44 |
| -9 | -0.339 | Now I know Garcia was a flop for TFC. But the numbers don't lie, they actually had a positive GD with him out there. Of course, his secret was to play so bad that he didn't start in the final game in NY and have those five goals count against him.
Unadjusted League Leaders Per 90 Minutes
(1,000 minutes minimum)
Obviously these will be filled with players from the best and worst teams, but let's see the results anyway.
Top 25
|
|
| Per 90 |
| 11v11 Min | Plus/Minus | 1 | Steven Lenhart | CLB | 0.882 |
| 1020 | 10 | 2 | George John | DAL | 0.867 |
| 1142 | 11 | 3 | Justin Braun | CHV | 0.719 |
| 1127 | 9 | 4 | Jamison Olave | RSL | 0.714 |
| 1890 | 15 | 5 | Andrew Hainault | HOU | 0.695 |
| 1425 | 11 | 6 | Eric Brunner | CLB | 0.645 |
| 1952 | 14 | 7 | Mariano Trujillo | CHV | 0.645 |
| 1395 | 10 | 8 | Fabian Espindola | RSL | 0.588 |
| 1377 | 9 | 9 | Jair Benitez | DAL | 0.584 |
| 1079 | 7 | 10 | Brian Ching | HOU | 0.583 |
| 1390 | 9 | 11 | Dario Sala | DAL | 0.568 |
| 1109 | 7 | 12 | Sebastien Le Toux | SEA | 0.554 |
| 1300 | 8 | 13 | Freddie Ljungberg | SEA | 0.532 |
| 1691 | 10 | 14 | Nick Rimando | RSL | 0.522 |
| 2070 | 12 | 15 | Tyrone Marshall | SEA | 0.522 |
| 1898 | 11 | 16 | Tony Beltran | RSL | 0.521 |
| 1728 | 10 | 17 | James Riley | SEA | 0.514 |
| 2100 | 12 | 18 | Kasey Keller | SEA | 0.512 |
| 2286 | 13 | 19 | Stuart Holden | HOU | 0.490 |
| 2020 | 11 | 20 | Atiba Harris | CHV/DAL | 0.485 |
| 1857 | 10 | 21 | Bobby Boswell | HOU | 0.480 |
| 2248 | 12 | 22 | Jhon Kennedy Hurtado | SEA | 0.463 |
| 2137 | 11 | 23 | Eduardo Lillingston | CHV | 0.453 |
| 1191 | 6 | 24 | Brad Evans | SEA | 0.449 |
| 2006 | 10 | 25 | Danny O'Rourke | CLB | 0.448 |
| 2209 | 11 |
Bottom 25
|
|
| Per 90 |
| 11v11 Min | Plus/Minus | 1 | Mike Petke | NY | -0.912 |
| 1381 | -14 | 2 | Jorge Rojas | NY | -0.749 |
| 1321 | -11 | 3 | Arturo Alvarez | SJ | -0.690 |
| 1826 | -14 | 4 | Kevin Goldthwaite | NY | -0.672 |
| 1206 | -9 | 5 | Darren Huckerby | SJ | -0.629 |
| 1001 | -7 | 6 | Marcelo Saragosa | DAL/CHV | -0.624 |
| 1154 | -8 | 7 | Andre Rocha | DAL | -0.619 |
| 1163 | -8 | 8 | Jeremy Hall | NY | -0.592 |
| 1823 | -12 | 9 | Joe Cannon | SJ | -0.590 |
| 2441 | -16 | 10 | Shea Salinas | SJ | -0.583 |
| 1236 | -8 | 11 | Drew Moor | DAL/COL | -0.526 |
| 2394 | -14 | 12 | Chris Tierney | NE | -0.517 |
| 1044 | -6 | 13 | Simon Elliott | SJ | -0.514 |
| 1225 | -7 | 14 | Dane Richards | NY | -0.512 |
| 1758 | -10 | 15 | Lance Watson | KC | -0.506 |
| 1244 | -7 | 16 | Herculez Gomez | KC | -0.495 |
| 1274 | -7 | 17 | Sinisa Ubiparipovic | NY | -0.490 |
| 1103 | -6 | 18 | Chris Leitch | SJ | -0.476 |
| 2458 | -13 | 19 | Davy Arnaud | KC | -0.475 |
| 1705 | -9 | 20 | Jason Hernandez | SJ | -0.473 |
| 1333 | -7 | 21 | Albert Celades | NY | -0.471 |
| 1146 | -6 | 22 | Aaron Hohlbein | KC | -0.468 |
| 1540 | -8 | 23 | Bobby Convey | SJ | -0.464 |
| 2134 | -11 | 24 | Jack Jewsbury | KC | -0.452 |
| 1991 | -10 | 25 | Seth Stammler | NY | -0.445 |
| 2023 | -10 | Steven Lenhart & Mike Petke are first and last for 2009.
Now, what if I adjust the per 90 stat by comparing it to the plus/minus for each team? For example, the Crew played 2,544 full strength minutes and had a +11 differential. So the team's per 90 stat is 0.389. If you subtract that from Lenhart's 0.882, he gets an adjusted total of 0.493. This allows us to see who really stood out compared to the team's overall performance.
Adjusted League Leaders Per 90 Minutes
(1,000 minutes minimum)
See explanation in the previous paragraph.
In order to get adjusted per 90s for the eight qualifying players who played for two teams, I first got their adjusted totals with each team. Then I multiplied the adjusted per 90s by the minutes played for each of two teams, added them together, then divided by the number of total minutes. So for example, Ugo Ihemelu had the following adjusted totals:
DAL: 1.013 in 686 minutes COL: 0.166 in 1,586 minutes
(1.013*686) + (0.166*1,586) รท (686 + 1,586) = 0.422
That explains that.
Top 25
|
|
| Adjusted Per 90 |
| Per 90 | Team Per 90 | 1 | George John | DAL | 0.830 |
| 0.867 | 0.036 | 2 | Justin Braun | CHV | 0.606 |
| 0.719 | 0.113 | 3 | Jair Benitez | DAL | 0.547 |
| 0.584 | 0.036 | 4 | Jacob Peterson | COL | 0.546 |
| 0.437 | -0.109 | 5 | Mariano Trujillo | CHV | 0.532 |
| 0.645 | 0.113 | 6 | Dario Sala | DAL | 0.532 |
| 0.568 | 0.036 | 7 | Steven Lenhart | CLB | 0.493 |
| 0.882 | 0.389 | 8 | Ugo Ihemelu | COL/DAL | 0.422 |
| 0.357 |
| 9 | Atiba Harris | CHV/DAL | 0.412 |
| 0.485 |
| 10 | Fred | DC | 0.370 |
| 0.336 | -0.034 | 11 | Danleigh Borman | NY | 0.348 |
| -0.221 | -0.570 | 12 | Macoumba Kandji | NY | 0.341 |
| -0.228 | -0.570 | 13 | Eduardo Lillingston | CHV | 0.340 |
| 0.453 | 0.113 | 14 | Jamison Olave | RSL | 0.337 |
| 0.714 | 0.377 | 15 | Andrew Hainault | HOU | 0.317 |
| 0.695 | 0.378 | 16 | Cuauhtemoc Blanco | CHI | 0.312 |
| 0.275 | -0.037 | 17 | Steve Ralston | NE | 0.304 |
| 0.267 | -0.037 | 18 | Kevin Alston | NE | 0.296 |
| 0.259 | -0.037 | 19 | Matt Pickens | COL | 0.285 |
| 0.175 | -0.109 | 20 | Matt Reis | NE | 0.265 |
| 0.228 | -0.037 | 21 | Jeff Cunningham | DAL | 0.260 |
| 0.296 | 0.036 | 22 | Eric Brunner | CLB | 0.256 |
| 0.645 | 0.389 | 23 | Jimmy Conrad | KC | 0.252 |
| -0.162 | -0.415 | 24 | Colin Clark | COL | 0.249 |
| 0.140 | -0.109 | 25 | Emmanuel Osei | NE | 0.242 |
| 0.206 | -0.037 |
Bottom 25
|
|
| Adjusted Per 90 |
| Per 90 | Team Per 90 | 1 | Robbie Russell | RSL | -0.727 |
| -0.350 | 0.377 | 2 | Marcelo Saragosa | DAL/CHV | -0.700 |
| -0.624 |
| 3 | Andre Rocha | DAL | -0.655 |
| -0.619 | 0.036 | 4 | Drew Moor | DAL/COL | -0.522 |
| -0.526 |
| 5 | Chris Tierney | NE | -0.480 |
| -0.517 | -0.037 | 6 | Ante Jazic | CHV | -0.473 |
| -0.360 | 0.113 | 7 | Ray Burse | DAL | -0.433 |
| -0.396 | 0.036 | 8 | Kenny Cooper | DAL | -0.415 |
| -0.378 | 0.036 | 9 | Mike Magee | LA | -0.368 |
| -0.066 | 0.302 | 10 | Mike Petke | NY | -0.343 |
| -0.912 | -0.570 | 11 | Dema Kovalenko | LA | -0.302 |
| 0.000 | 0.302 | 12 | Corey Ashe | HOU | -0.298 |
| 0.080 | 0.378 | 13 | Mehdi Ballouchy | COL | -0.297 |
| -0.407 | -0.109 | 14 | G. Barros Schelotto | CLB | -0.284 |
| 0.106 | 0.389 | 15 | C.J. Brown | CHI | -0.282 |
| -0.319 | -0.037 | 16 | Santino Quaranta | DC | -0.281 |
| -0.316 | -0.034 | 17 | Wells Thompson | NE | -0.259 |
| -0.295 | -0.037 | 18 | Brandon Prideaux | CHI | -0.239 |
| -0.275 | -0.037 | 19 | Javier Morales | RSL | -0.230 |
| 0.147 | 0.377 | 20 | Julius James | HOU/DC | -0.224 |
| -0.080 |
| 21 | Dave van den Bergh | DAL | -0.194 |
| -0.157 | 0.036 | 22 | Jorge Rojas | NY | -0.180 |
| -0.749 | -0.570 | 23 | Arturo Alvarez | SJ | -0.175 |
| -0.690 | -0.515 | 24 | Sainey Nyassi | NE | -0.170 |
| -0.207 | -0.037 | 25 | Steve Zakuani | SEA | -0.167 |
| 0.249 | 0.417 | Compared to the rest of their teammates, George John and Robbie Russell come out looking best and worst. I think it's exciting to look at this in adjusted form, because you get results like Danleigh Borman and Mac Kandji at 11th and 12th in the top 25. They may have had negative numbers themselves, but they were much better than the average Red Bull.Labels: plus/minus |
Comments on "MLS 2009 Plus/Minus Data"
fantastic stat. very interesting. i would almost like to see what position the players play, or goals scored by player as well. As some players (strikers for instance) directly affect the numbers of the team and others don't as much. that addition could be even more telling of a teams abiltities.
one edit: You noted that "Steven Lenhart & Mike Petke are first and last for 2009." Mike Petke is -14 and joe Canon is -16.
I was referring to the per 90 stat.
Great info. Very interesting and, as a fan of RBNY, pretty grim reading.
I don't think this stat translates from hockey to soccer. Hockey is played in a much more constrained space with all 6 players combining on both offense and defense. In that context, one player has the ability to impact the +/- figure in a much more significant way.
In soccer, a defender has his +/- rating diminished by attacking players who can't find the net and goalkeeping mistakes. This stat is more indicative of a team's strengths and weaknesses rather than those of an individual.
It's a nice compilation of data, but ultimately meaningless.
It is not meaningless Eric, and why do Hockey dudes always make that comment? +/- is used in basketball and baseball as well.
I'm not a "hockey dude" as you put it. It makes sense in basketball, but not in baseball. As Americans, we are generally far too eager to invent statistical models to prove something or other.
Eric, I'm not sure how you can think that these stats don't translate from hockey to soccer. You are correct that each player has less ability to impact the +/- in soccer, but that is because there are almost twice as many players. This likely increases the cutoff of where the divergence becomes statistically significant, but above that level it is absolutely meaningful.
As for an attacking player that can't find goal or a goalkeeping mistake, I'm pretty sure that these things happen in hockey as well and you do not seem to be condemning the significance of that data.
Especially for the adjusted top and bottom 25 (which controls for the most obvious variable), unless there are statistical anomalies in the data, these results should be well above the confidence interval necessary to claim statistical significance.
scaryice, this is a great stat. It would be interesting to put out a list comparing them to team average. For example, Houston as a whole had a +10 over 30 games, or a +.333 per 90 min (obviously I'm not accounting for red cards here), so a player whose +/- is ~.333 like Mulrooney is merely average for the team, whereas a player whose +/- is positive but below team average is actually dragging the team down, like Barrett or Chabala. Hmmm... interesting that both left backs have scores that are similarly below team average. Wonder what that means? When you've done all that work then you can get crazy and analyze pairings that way, such as forward pairings, central defense pairings, wide midfield/fullback pairings, etc; then you can go on to do trios, etc till you get full 11 lineups. Good thing MLS has such a long offseason :)
Eric, I don't understand why you say this stat doesn't translate. That's like saying that a team's chosen lineup doesn't particularly matter, which is of course ridiculous. Of course, the numbers can always be skewed by particular events (such as Garcia's absence in the one game where TFC allows 5 goals), but that does not render the whole statistic any more or less valid than it would be in hockey.
I think the biggest problem here is the low-scoring characteristic of football association.
Maybe it would be better to measure it using attacking attempts, corners and/or time of possession than goals.
...using attacking attempts, corners and/or time of possession than goals ALONE.
I'm going to agree with Eric on this one, at least to a certain degree.
Look at Fred, for example. He routinely blew easy chances, frequently gave the ball away with good options available, and could be relied upon to kill DC attacks by dribbling into crowds of defenders. On the other side of the ball, he does work hard, but gives up way too many free kicks.
This stat doesn't point to any of that. Instead, it would tell the uninformed that Fred is more useful than Quaranta, who works just as hard but is a smarter player and less wasteful with the ball.
I'm sure you could go through here and find loads of similar examples. I see DeRosario, who spent much of the year carrying TFC on his back, has one of the worst ratings.
What I'm trying to say is that soccer, with 11 players, is a sport where you can hide a bad player in a good team (a key in MLS, with the low salary cap) or be a good player stuck on a bad team.
Soccer is structurally different than hockey, which has subs every 45 seconds, features fewer players on at a given time, and generally sees more goals scored. I think +/- will paint a more accurate picture of who's doing well on a hockey team than in soccer. I'm not saying it's entirely useless, but the potential for a good player to be poorly rated and/or a poor player to get a high positive rating is much higher.
There's one other thing to take into account: in soccer, combinations of players can be much more important than individuals. This is most obviously true in the back line. 90% of playing defense at professional level is coordinating with teammates. I'd take almost any starting back four in MLS over four world-class defenders who had never played as teammates.
I think the plus/minus rating would be extremely useful in soccer, and it's clear that you've put in a lot of effort to generate these numbers. That being said, I do have some objections to your approach.
My first objection is to your use of solely 11v11 situations. While it definitely makes one's life easier, you're missing the 5-10% of match situations where there is a man advantage. I am aware that hockey's plus/minus does not consider goals allowed during power plays, but I don't agree with that either. I disagree with not counting goals scored against the person who committed the penalty (in hockey) or got sent off. He's responsible for putting the team at a numerical disadvantage and should be have goals counted against him, even though he is no longer on the field.
Another objection that I have is that your approach treats the 11v11 periods as one big contiguous block. It ends up treating a 40-minute period with three goals scored no differently than a 90-minute period with a goal scored (or none). I think it might be better to look at segments of 11v11 play and weight the goals allowed by the length of time of the individual segments.
I would also be interested in seeing how the plus/minus scores are affected by the personnel on the field. This would require a regression analysis that appears not be done here. Some of the players at the top of the list make sense, but others don't, and the overall rankings are skewed by the melding of the factors that I mentioned before.
I don't mean to flame you or anything like that. You've made a very good contribution here and I hope you continue refining your approach.
First of all, using only 11v11 did not make my life easier. It took a lot more work to figure it out that way. I wanted the numbers to be as fair as possible, and it's unfair to count plus/minus in a situation where one team has an advantage. All of the players in those moments clearly aren't on a level playing field. With both teams at full strength, you don't have to worry about that (BTW, in 2009 exactly 90.7% of minutes were played 11v11).
It's also unfair to count something that happened on the field against a player who isn't playing, regardless of what happens afterwards. What about the situations where the team a man down actually outscores the other team? Do you think a player should be rewarded for getting sent off then?
I don't get how you can say one 11v11 segment is different from another. Counting "a 40-minute period with three goals scored no differently than a 90-minute period with a goal scored (or none)" is exactly what I was trying to do. Why would you disagree with that? That makes no sense to me.
It is great that Hockey came out with that kind of statics. it makes things more interesting when you know that kind of data.